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Energy Codes 2009 Agenda
A special thank you to our sponsors that have contributed to the planning and success of this event.
The final program brochure (PDF 1.3 MB) is available to print and/or view online.
Agenda At-A-Glance
| Pre-Training/Building Tours: Monday, July 27, 2009 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 – 6:00 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 8:00 – 12:00 | Fleetwood Homes of Oregon |
Motor coach will load at 8:00 am and depart promptly at 8:30 am |
Whole Building Complex Design Training |
Salon F-I | |
| Day 1: Monday, July 27, 2009 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 – 6:00 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 1:00 – 1:15 | Salon F-I | |
| 1:15 – 1:45 | ||
| 1:45 – 2:45 | ||
| 2:45 – 3:15 | ||
| 3:15 – 3:30 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 3:30 – 4:00 | Salon F-I | |
| 4:00 – 5:30 | ||
| 6:00 – 8:00 | Announcement: Jeffrey A. Johnson Award |
Mount Hood |
| Day 2: Tuesday, July 28, 2009 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 – 6:00 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 7:00 – 8:00 | ||
| 8:00 – 8:15 | Salon F-I | |
| 8:15 – 8:45 | What It Is and Where It Is Going! |
|
| 8:45 – 9:30 | IECC Hearings and Process |
|
| 9:30 – 9:45 | Ballroom Foyer | 9:45 – 10:15 | What It Is and Where It Is Going! |
Salon F-I |
| 10:15 – 11:00 | ASHRAE Committee Meetings and Process |
|
| 11:15 – 11:30 | Conclusions |
|
| 11:30 – 12:30 | Salon C-E | |
| 12:45 – 2:15 |
|
Salon F-I |
| 2:15 – 2:30 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 2:30 – 4:00 | How Do We Get From Here to There |
Salon F-I |
| 4:00 – 6:00 | Snacks and beverages will be provided | Salon E |
| 6:00 – 8:00 | Evening Meeting: Improving Energy Code Compliance and Evaluation |
Mount Hood |
| Day 3: Wednesday, July 29, 2009 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 – 6:00 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 7:00 – 8:00 | ||
| 8:00 – 8:30 | Salon F-I | |
| 8:30 – 9:00 | ||
| 9:00 – 12:00 | Daybreak Cohousing – Residential First and Main Building – Commercial |
Motor coach – Residential Walking – Commercial |
| 12:30 – 1:30 | Salon C-E | |
| 1:30 – 2:30 | Hands-on demonstration using duct testing equipment |
Salon F-I |
| 2:30 – 2:45 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 3:00 – 5:30 | Salon F-I | |
| 6:00 | Riverboat Dinner or Sightseeing Tour |
Visit Registration for additional information |
| Day 4: Thursday, July 30, 2009 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 – 6:00 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 7:00 – 8:00 | ||
| 8:00 – 9:00 | DOE's Advocacy Arm |
Salon F-I |
| 9:00 – 10:15 |
| |
| 10:15 – 10:30 | Ballroom Foyer | |
| 10:30 – 12:00 | Lessons Learned from the Trenches |
Salon F-I |
| 12:00 – 12:30 | ||
Continuing Education and Learning Units
AIA Registered Provider
AIA Registered Provider
DOE's Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) is a Registered Provider with the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this event will be reported to CES Records for AIA members by the Provider. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available upon request for participation in all training sessions conducted July 27-30, 2009 and certificates will be mailed by mid-August. Session credits are based on the number of sessions attended and will be tabulated at the end of the event. Credits are ICC continuing education credits towards renewal of an ICC certification or AIA Learning Units. An AIA / CES Conference Participation Form is included in each attendee's registration packet. Attendees will need to fill out the form and indicate which sessions they attended and submit to the registration desk before final departure.
Detailed Agenda
Pre-Training/Building Tours: Monday, July 27, 2009
Registration
7:00 am - 6:00 pm
Building Tour
8:00 am – 12:00 pm
Motor coach will load at 8:00 am and depart promptly at 8:30 am.
Fleetwood Homes of Oregon
Fleetwood Homes is a leading producer of highly energy-efficient manufactured homes in the Northwest. This onsite tour of the Fleetwood Homes manufacturing facility allows attendees to see exactly how these manufactured homes are constructed in a controlled environment.
Kevin McShane, Fleetwood Sales Manager
Oregon - Specific Training
8:00 am – 12:00 pm
Whole Building Complex Design Training
New Buildings and major renovations in Oregon can meet the Non-Residential Energy Code by one of three paths. The least known and most detailed path to code compliance is the Whole Building Approach (WBA). This method allows trade-offs between all regulated building components, including envelope, lighting, and HVAC equipment. Well-defined whole building simulations are required to be performed using the DOE2.1E software. If you have a project that needs to pursue this compliance path, please plan to attend this training to learn all the details about the WBA methodology. Training attendees will learn about the specific documentation and simulation process for WBA compliance.
Bruce Alford, Oregon Department of Energy
Day 1: Monday, July 27, 2009
Registration
7:00 am – 6:00 pm
Welcome
1:00 pm – 1:15 pm
Diane Shankle, PNNL
EERE Program Overview
1:15 pm – 1:45 pm
The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) works to strengthen the nation's energy security, environmental quality, and economic vitality in public-private partnerships. EERE manages ten programs, including the Building Technologies Program (BTP). BTP develops technologies, techniques, tools, and standards for making residential and commercial buildings more energy efficient, productive, and affordable, that will enable net-zero energy buildings at low incremental cost by 2020 for residential and 2025 for commercial buildings. The Building Energy Codes Program is part of the BTP and supports BTP's acceleration of market transformation to net-zero energy buildings.
Scott Hine, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
An Overview of ARRA, SEP, and EECBG
1:45 pm – 2:45 pm
Charlie Hemmeline will provide an overview of the activities being undertaken by EERE for the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). Included will be an overview and status update on the State Energy Program (SEP) Funding Opportunity for ARRA and the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grants (EECBG).
Charlie Hemmeline, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Building Energy Codes Program Overview
2:45 pm – 3:15 pm
The U.S. Department of Energy's Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) supports the upgrading of model building energy codes, promulgates manufactured housing energy codes, and provides financial and technical assistance to states to adopt, update, implement, and enforce their building energy codes. The program's goal is to increase the efficiency of our nation's buildings, resulting in less energy used, less cost for consumers, and less carbon added to the environment. The current emphasis of BECP's efforts is four-fold:
- Upgrade the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code® so that homes built to it are 30% more energy efficient than those built to its 2006 predecessor
- Upgrade Standard 90.1-2010 so that buildings built to it are 30% more energy efficient than those built to its 2004 predecessor
- Help states adopt and implement the upgraded model codes and to meet the 90% code compliance requirement of the ARRA
- Help states to meet the 90% code compliance requirement of the ARRA.
Jean Boulin, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Break
3:15 pm – 3:30 pm
Impacts and Benefits
3:30 pm – 4:00 pm
In addition to assessing the potential energy impacts of individual specific code changes, DOE is also interested in quantifying both historical and future energy reductions, energy cost savings, and carbon emissions avoidance of major changes to the code. PNNL has developed a spreadsheet approach to provide gross estimates of these impacts on a state-by-state basis from 1990 through 2030. The spreadsheets are assumption-driven so that the assumed current construction practice (code level and compliance), future code stringency, and rate of adoption are all major determinants of the results. PNNL will discuss the approach and major assumptions and highlight results.
Sean McDonald, PNNL
Measuring 90% Compliance
4:00 pm – 5:30 pm
A discussion of procedures and tools for measuring and reporting compliance with building energy codes. These materials are being developed by the Building Energy Codes Program to assist states in meeting American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) State Energy Program (SEP) requirements for demonstrating 90% compliance.
Linda Connell, PNNL
Eric Makela, Britt/Makela Group
Mike DeWein, Building Codes Assistance Project
Welcoming Reception
6:00 pm – 8:00 pm
Announcement – Jeffrey A. Johnson Award for Excellence in the Advancement of Building Energy Codes and Performance
Please join us for a casual welcoming reception with hors d'oeuvres and beverages.
Day 2: Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Registration
7:00 am – 6:00 pm
Continental Breakfast
7:00 am – 8:00 am
Welcome/Agenda
8:00 am – 8:15 am
ICC – What It Is and Where It Is Going!
8:15 am – 8:45 am
This session will provide an overview of the code development process at the International Code Council (ICC), including how it works and how to become involved. A brief review of the history of ICC's involvement in Energy Conservation and a brief discussion about future direction and projects will be included.
David Karmol, International Code Council
Educational Vignette
8:45 am – 9:30 am
IECC Hearings and Process
Join us for an educational and entertaining overview of the trip an IECC code change proposal takes through the ICC process. Audience participation is encouraged.
Sean McDonald, Moderator
Break
9:30 am – 9:45 am
ASHRAE- What It Is and Where It Is Going!
9:45 am – 10:15 am
ASHRAE Treasurer and past SSPC 90.1 Chair, Ron Jarnagin, will provide an update on Standard 90.1 and ASHRAE's efforts to achieve 30% savings over Standard 90.1-2004 in Standard 90.1-2010. Ron will also discuss other recent developments at ASHRAE that should be of interest to the building code community.
Ron Jarnagin, ASHRAE
Educational Vignette
10:15 am – 11:00 am
ASHRAE Committee Meetings and Process
Join us for an educational and entertaining overview of the trip a recommended Standard 90.1 addendum takes through the ASHRAE process. Audience participation is encouraged.
Sean McDonald, Moderator
ICC and ASHRAE - Conclusions
11:15 am – 11:30 am
Overview of ICC's and ASHRAE's drive towards achieving 30% savings in energy costs, focusing on different approaches and similarities. On behalf of DOE, reinforcing that these open, collaborative processes are preferred to a top-down, federal process but also recognizing the strong external pressures to improve the energy efficiency (and lessen environmental impacts) of the built environment.
Sean McDonald, PNNL
Lunch and Keynote
11:30 am – 12:30 pm
Tom Eckman, Northwest Power and Conservation Council
Residential and Commercial in Detail
12:45 pm – 2:15 pm
The purpose of the session is to update attendees on what is currently happening with respect to commercial and residential model energy codes and standards-related research and development of new criteria and revisions to existing criteria. REScheck and COMcheck versions of the 2009 IECC and 90.1-2007 will be discussed along with training and support for these codes.
R & D
- Overview of the 2009 IECC (residential)
- The 2009 IECC residential determination
- Overview of Standard 90.1-2007
- Comparison of the 2009 IECC and 90.1-2007 for commercial buildings
- The Standard 90.1-2007 commercial determination
Mark Halverson, PNNL
Dave Conover, PNNL
Eric Richman, PNNL
Implementation
- The 2009 IECC in REScheck and COMcheck
- 90.1-2007 in COMcheck
Linda Connell, PNNL
Deployment
- Training and support for 2009 IECC
- Training and support for 90.1-2007
Rose Bartlett, PNNL
Break
2:15 pm – 2:30 pm
The Future of Energy Codes
2:30 pm – 4:00 pm
How Do We Get From Here to There?
The current development cycle is over. The 2012 IECC will be 30% more stringent than the 2006 version for both commercial and residential buildings. States with their own codes are equal to or better than the 2012 IECC. Now what?
David Cohan, Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance
Cracker Barrel
4:00 pm – 6:00 pm
Come enjoy snacks and beverages – select your five favorite topics of interest and spend 20 minutes exploring each of them.
Pam Cole, PNNL
Linda Connell, PNNL
Brad Rowe, Thermal Design
Rick Moore, Home Depot
Bob Wible, Robert Wible and Associates
Mangesh Basarkar and Raju Sen Sharma, Florida Solar Energy Center
Niko Dietsch, U.S. EPA
Christine Herbert, Good Company Associates
Dave Hewitt and Jim Edelson, New Buildings Institute
Additional details can be found on the following pages.
BCAP National Roundtable 3 Evening Meeting
6:00 pm – 8:00 pm
Improving Energy Code Compliance and Evaluation
The Building Codes Assistance Project (BCAP) is hosting its Third National Roundtable, entitled Energy Code Compliance and Evaluation. With the national focus on energy codes, improving and measuring compliance is on the front burner in virtually all state energy and code offices. Our first two roundtables, held at the RESNET National Conference in New Orleans and NYSERDA in Albany, yielded important information on how the energy-efficiency community can work together to advance the national agenda on compliance. Please join us for another timely and valuable discussion. Refreshments will be served.
Mike DeWein, BCAP
Day 2: Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Cracker Barrel Details
REScheck / COMcheck – What's New!
Pam Cole
REScheck – the 2007 IECC Supplement and 2009 IECC code options will be demonstrated as well as a new feature for showing compliance to residential additions and alterations.
COMcheck – the new mechanical system inputs will be shown along with a discussion of what's coming with the 2009 IECC code option.
REScheck and COMcheck Interoperability Efforts
Linda Connell
The BECP has several ongoing efforts focused on software automation and interoperability with other vendors. This session focuses on the following data-exchange mechanisms being developed by the BECP and/or through related industry efforts:
- Sharing online and desktop Check project files
- Import of Check project data using Check XML
- Export of Check compliance results
- Export of code requirements and weather data
- Import of EnergyPlus IDF files
- Interoperability with Sketch-Up
- Support for other data formats (BIM, gbXML)
- Data Exchange Partners
For additional information on the exchange of regulatory Cracker Barrel information (such as checklists and compliance reports), be sure to attend Robert Wible's presentation "Interoperability of REScheck/COMcheck Regulatory Data."
COMcheck Compliance Program /U-factors to Metal Roof Insulation Assemblies 4
Brad Rowe
The COMcheck compliance program currently limits the U-factors to metal building roof insulation assemblies listed in ASHRAE 90.1. Although Liner Systems (LS) have recently been recognized by codes and standards, representing their performance values in COMcheck has yet to be implemented. Learn how Thermal Design, manufacturer of the Simple Saver System®, has used existing features of COMcheck in order to demonstrate compliance when using their liner system. This procedure can also be used to check compliance using the revised performance values of "traditional" compressed metal building assemblies for the upcoming ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Standard.
Driving Compliance in Existing Home Repair and Renovation Nationally
Rick Moore
Home Depot Home Services, with its network of thousands of vetted Service Providers, continuously works to ensure licensing, regulatory, permitting, and code compliance. To do this, the Home Services Compliance Department is: 1) providing service-provider notification of new rules and codes as discovered, 2) performing technical inspections of focused job types on job sites in top 40 markets, 3) performing focused audits of service-provider licensing records, 4) requiring necessary permits and customer approval prior to release of payment, and 5) performing back-end permit auditing of certain job types. With Home Depot's visibility to consumer home repairs and renovations from the front-end side, and because of our participation with Wells Fargo® and others on FHA-203K(s) Home Renovation Mortgages, Home Depot Home Services can partner with state regulators and local officials to help drive local compliance with the 2009 International Energy Conservation Code as it is adopted.
Interoperability of REScheck/COMcheck Regulatory Data
Bob Wible
Two years ago, Robert Wible and Paul Watkins shared with Energy Codes 2007 participants in Denver work they had initiated with BECP to strengthen the use of REScheck and COMcheck tools by making their data interoperable. This session updates participants on progress made in that project, including: suggested changes to REScheck and COMcheck energy inspection checklists, actions with BECP to expand REScheck/COMcheck data use across the regulatory process to inspectors and state energy officials, and the development of a "Guide for Elected Officials on the Strengthening Energy Conservation and Building Sustainability Through Streamlining and Information Technology." By attending this session, state energy officials and other participants will get a look at ways in which information technology is strengthening energy compliance and ways to get involved in developing tools to expand and use regulatory data.
Tools for Florida Energy Code Compliance and Energy Rating
Mangesh Basarkar and Raju Sen Sharma
This session demonstrates commercial building energy code compliance and rating tools that implement the latest ASHRAE 90.1 (Chapter 11 and Appendix G, 2001 through 2007) standards. The presentation will also demonstrate tools that allow for evaluation of tax deductions for energy-efficient commercial buildings (as per Energy Policy Act 2005) and LEED 2.2 (NC) credits. In addition, the presentation will include the demonstration of the concept and prototype of Florida's Automated Code Compliance System pilot project.
Energy-Efficiency Program Administrators Role in Advancing Building Energy Codes
Niko Dietsch
This session describes the roles that energy-efficiency program administrators have played to advance building codes in jurisdictions across the country. It provides numerous examples of how administrators have contributed technical, institutional, financial, and other resources to advance codes at the national, state, and local levels.
The session also describes how program administrators can successfully leverage their experience with voluntary (DSM) programs, technical knowledge, data on energy savings and costs, and financial resources. Another focus for the session is illustrating the ways in which program administrators can serve their own interests by pursuing a role with codes.
Residential Tool for Advanced Code Adoption and Metrication
Christine Herbert
The IC3, International Code Compliance Calculator, was developed by the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) of the Texas A&M University System and is the perfect tool for the adoption of the 2009 IECC and to meet the 90% metrication requirement of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. In addition, it calculates emissions savings from the residential building market. The IC3 has completed RESNET Certification and ESL has an "EPA-Approved Quality Assurance Plan" for NOx, SOx, and CO2 calculations. The IC3 features simplify entry of the minimum house parameters, offers builders flexibility in design, and provides code officials with compliance documentation and a registry for electronic reporting. IC3 has now been adopted as a performance-based compliance tool in all the major jurisdictions in the state of Texas.
Proposed Advanced Code Change Saves up to 25%
Dave Hewitt and Jim Edelson
New Buildings Institute (NBI) has submitted a major Proposal for the Chapter 5 commercial provisions of the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code along with the Department of Energy and the American Institute of Architects. This proposal is an important step for using building codes to help meet many national challenges and policies such as climate and energy legislation in the U.S. Congress, the AIA 2030 Challenge, and the U.S. DOE Commercial Building Challenge. Learn about how the proposed advanced code change saves up to 25% over ASHRAE 90.1-2004 and builds from an integrated approach to designing energy-efficient buildings.
Day 3: Wednesday, July 29, 2009
Registration
7:00 am – 6:00 pm
Continental Breakfast
7:00 am – 8:00 am
Experiences From the Field
8:00 am – 8:30 am
This session will kick off the day by providing an overview of the day's activities, which are focused on exploring what really happens in the field.
Mark LaLiberte, LaLiberte Online Inc.
First and Main Building
8:30 am – 9:00 am
Introduction to the walking tour of the First and Main Office Building – Opportunities for Energy Efficiency. The First and Main Office Building is an 18-story building located at the base of the Hawthorne Bridge in downtown Portland, Oregon. There are 3 levels of below-ground parking, a ground-floor lobby, service and retail space, office space on levels 2 thru 16, and mechanical space on levels 17 and 18. The presentation will cover the envelope and mechanical systems considered during design and installed during construction. Rationale for system selection will be discussed, including capital cost, life cycle cost, constructability, occupant comfort, and energy efficiency.
Nick Collins, PE: Mechanical Engineer, PAE Consulting Engineers
Richard Dobrot, AIA: Design Architect, GBD Architects
Building Tours
9:00 am – 12:00 pm
Daybreak Cohousing – Residential
Motorcoach: Group 1 will leave promptly at 9:15 am
Motorcoach: Group 2 will leave promptly at 10:45 am
The cohousing project was designed based on input from community members and design architects, who studied cohousing extensively. Community members shared the qualities they wanted in the completed buildings while maintaining the values and vision they have for the community. This tour provides insight into a sustainable cohousing environment with unique qualities. Unique features to see on this tour include: optimized orientation of the buildings, courtyard design, hydronic radiant floor heating in living units, storm-water runoff managed onsite, and the Commons House, which includes features such as a community bike storage and workshop, laundry facility, and personal storage area.
Kristin Wells, Founding Member, Daybreak Cohousing
Gabe Genauer, Principal/Project Manager, B&G Builders, Inc.
First and Main Building – Commercial
Walking to Site
Site Guides
- Mark Parsons, Hoffman Construction
- Jesse Fritch, Hoffman Construction
- Josh Durham, Hoffman Construction
4th Floor
- Jesse Emory, AIA: Project Manager – GBD Architects
- Envelope construction
- Curtain wall system
17th Floor Mechanical Room
- Matthew Peairs, PE: Mechanical Engineer – PAE Consulting Engineers
- Central Mechanical Systems
Depart/Return to the Hotel
12:00 pm – 12:20 pm
Lunch
12:30 pm – 1:30 pm
2009 Duct Testing
1:30 pm – 2:30 pm
Duct Leakage Testing – what does it all mean? The class will focus on conducting the duct-leakage test and interpreting the results. The class will also present the keys to constructing a tight duct system.
Bruce Manclark, Delta-T, Inc.
Break
2:30 pm – 2:45 pm
Putting It All Together
3:00 pm – 5:30 pm
Learn how high-performance homes have transitioned in the marketplace. The progress of industry-from the 1950s to 2009-and how we are all working together to build the best homes possible: durable, energy-efficient, healthy, and sustainable. Gain a better understanding of the link between the science that surrounds building performance and its effect on design, construction, and material specifications.
Mark LaLiberte, LaLiberte Online Inc
Optional Evening Event: Riverboat Dinner or Sightseeing Tour
6:00 pm
A 2 1/2 hour sunset cruise with other Energy Codes 2009 attendees. Boarding location is within walking distance to the Portland Marriott Downtown Waterfront.
Option #1: Sightseeing Dinner Cruise – Cost: $80.00
Price includes
- Plated Dinner Entree
- House Salad
- Bread
- House Dessert
- Hot Tea and/or Coffee
- Service Gratuity
- Live Entertainment
Option #2: Sightseeing Cruise ONLY – Cost: $34.00
Price includes
- 2 1/2 Hour Sightseeing Cruise
Boarding begins at 6:30 pm
Boat departs the dock promptly at 7:00 pm
Advance ticket purchase is required.
Visit the registration desk for additional details or to purchase your tickets.
Day 4: Thursday, July 30, 2009
Registration
7:00 am – 12:00 pm
Continental Breakfast
7:00 am – 8:00 am
Building Codes Assistance Project
8:00 am – 9:00 am
Learn about BCAP's history, current projects, and the ways in which this national advocacy group can help you in your advocacy and implementation efforts.
Robin Snyder, BCAP
Cosimina Panetti, BCAP
Code Adoption
9:00 am – 10:15 am
Regional Alliances
- Successes
- Failures
- Experiences
David Cohan, Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance
Jim Meyers, Southwest Energy Efficiency Project
Stacey Paradis, Midwest Energy Efficiency Project
Don Vigneau and Isaac Elnecave, Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships
Ben Taube, Southeast Energy Efficiency Alliance
Break
10:15 am – 10:30 am
Energy Code Implementation
10:30 am – 12:00 pm
Lessons Learned From the Trenches
Mike Barcik is the Director of Technical Services at Southface, a non-profit organization based in Atlanta, Georgia. As a senior trainer with 14 years of teaching energy codes in over half a dozen states, Mike has experienced much and learned a few tidbits along the way. Learn the format of how Southface makes energy code training fun and interesting. Come hear stories and participate in an interactive exercise on effectively conveying energy code concepts. Help others learn from your successes as well as things that didn't go so well. The key is sharing knowledge and understanding the barriers to change.
Observations and Lessons Learned Highlights:
- Codes should be seen as an opportunity but represent change and thus will cause some pain.
- Appreciate that everyone has their own agenda (even DOE!).
- Code is about enforcement, and trade-offs offer great flexibility, but this drives code officials nuts.
- It begins with adoption: help stakeholders view the energy code as significant and as important as other codes.
- Why do people like gadgets and shiny things
Mike Barcik, Southface Energy Institute
Closing/Wrap-Up
12:00 pm – 12:30 pm
Jean Boulin, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)